Journal: Acta tropica

Article Title: Echinococcus granulosus promotes bone resorption by increasing osteoclasts differentiation.

doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107027

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1. PSCs promote osteoclast differentiation. (A and B) BMMs were grouped to induce differentiation under different interventions and osteoclast formation was detected by TRAP staining. (C and D) Actin ring formation in response to different stimuli. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 vs the M-CSF + RANKL group. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. The scale bar is 500 μm.

Article Snippet: Recombinant mouse M-CSF (#416-ML/CF) and recombinant mouse RANKL (#462- TEC) were purchased from R&D Systems (Minnesota, USA).

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Acta tropica

Article Title: Echinococcus granulosus promotes bone resorption by increasing osteoclasts differentiation.

doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107027

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. PSCs promote the expression of osteoclast-related proteins and genes. (A) BMMs were cultured for 24 h using the same intervention method, total RNA was extracted, and the target gene was detected. (B and C) The expression of target proteins was detected between the groups. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 vs the M-CSF + RANKL group. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001, ####P < 0.0001 vs the M-CSF group. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Recombinant mouse M-CSF (#416-ML/CF) and recombinant mouse RANKL (#462- TEC) were purchased from R&D Systems (Minnesota, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Hepatic-Specific FGF21 Knockout Abrogates Ovariectomy-Induced Obesity by Reversing Corticosterone Production.

doi: 10.3390/ijms241914922

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Liver-specific FGF21 knockout abrogated OVX-induced central obesity in mice. (A) Body weight profile of mice following OVX or the combination of OVX plus liver-specific FGF21 knockout. (B) The serum FGF21 concentrations in mice at decapitation. (C) Representative figures of mice indicating visceral adipose deposition at decapitation. (D) The average visceral fat weight of mice from each group. (E) Representative H&E staining of visceral adipose tissues of mice at decapitation. In figure A: * denotes p < 0.05 (OVX versus Sham/OVX+FGF21 LKO); in figure B and D: ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001, NS p > 0.05.

Article Snippet: Four weeks after surgery procedures (i.e., at 10 week of age), a subgroup of OVX+FGF21 LKO mice were injected via tail vein with recombinant mouse FGF21 (RD272108100, BioVendor, Prague, Czech Republic) at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight at 0800 AM, according to our previous descriptions [29].

Techniques: Knock-Out, Staining

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Hepatic-Specific FGF21 Knockout Abrogates Ovariectomy-Induced Obesity by Reversing Corticosterone Production.

doi: 10.3390/ijms241914922

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Liver-specific FGF21 knockout failed to rescue OVX-induced dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in mice. (A) Serum concentration of triglyceride (TG). (B) Serum concentration of free fat acid (FFA). (C) Liver weight. (D) Liver TG content. (E) The representative H&E staining of liver tissues from each group. Arrows indicate lipid droplets. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; NS p > 0.05.

Article Snippet: Four weeks after surgery procedures (i.e., at 10 week of age), a subgroup of OVX+FGF21 LKO mice were injected via tail vein with recombinant mouse FGF21 (RD272108100, BioVendor, Prague, Czech Republic) at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight at 0800 AM, according to our previous descriptions [29].

Techniques: Knock-Out, Concentration Assay, Staining

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Hepatic-Specific FGF21 Knockout Abrogates Ovariectomy-Induced Obesity by Reversing Corticosterone Production.

doi: 10.3390/ijms241914922

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Liver-specific FGF21 knockout exacerbated OVX-induced glucose metabolic abnormalities in mice. (A) Glucose tolerance test (GTT). (B) The area under the curve of GTT. (C) Insulin tolerance test (ITT). (D) The area under the curve of ITT. (E) Pyruvate tolerance test (PTT). (F) The area under the curve of PTT. Note figure (A,C,E): * OVX+FGF21 LKO versus Sham (p < 0.05), φ OVX+FGF21 LKO versus OVX (p < 0.05), # OVX versus Sham (p < 0.05); figure (B,D,F): * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; NS p > 0.05.

Article Snippet: Four weeks after surgery procedures (i.e., at 10 week of age), a subgroup of OVX+FGF21 LKO mice were injected via tail vein with recombinant mouse FGF21 (RD272108100, BioVendor, Prague, Czech Republic) at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight at 0800 AM, according to our previous descriptions [29].

Techniques: Knock-Out

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Hepatic-Specific FGF21 Knockout Abrogates Ovariectomy-Induced Obesity by Reversing Corticosterone Production.

doi: 10.3390/ijms241914922

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. Transcriptomic profiling revealing Hsd11b1 plays a central role in mediating FGF21 LKO on abrogating OVX-induced central obesity in mice. (A) Venn diagram of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among groups. (B) The number of DEGs between pairwise groups. (C) The recovered DEGs (rDEGs) in OVX mice following FGF21 LKO. rDEGs are genes whose expression in OVX was significantly different from the sham controls but recovered back to the sham levels after FGF21 LKO. (D) The heat map of rDEGs involved in lipid metabolism process (GO:0006629). Red lines indicate DEGs between OVX+FGF21 LKO versus OVX. (E) Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed FGF21 LKO reduced adipogenesis in OVX mice, and leading-edge gene analysis highlighted that Hsd11b1 plays a major role in mediating FGF21 LKO on preventing adipogenesis in OVX mice.

Article Snippet: Four weeks after surgery procedures (i.e., at 10 week of age), a subgroup of OVX+FGF21 LKO mice were injected via tail vein with recombinant mouse FGF21 (RD272108100, BioVendor, Prague, Czech Republic) at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight at 0800 AM, according to our previous descriptions [29].

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Hepatic-Specific FGF21 Knockout Abrogates Ovariectomy-Induced Obesity by Reversing Corticosterone Production.

doi: 10.3390/ijms241914922

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. FGF21 LKO reversed circulating high corticosterone but not high FSH in OVX mice. (A) Serum concentration of FSH. (B) Serum concentration of corticosterone. (C) Effects of transient recombinant FGF21 replacement on serum concentration of corticosterone in OVX+FGF21 LKO mice. (D) Effects of transient recombinant FGF21 replacement on visceral adipose Hsd11b1 expression in OVX+FGF21 LKO mice. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; NS p > 0.05.

Article Snippet: Four weeks after surgery procedures (i.e., at 10 week of age), a subgroup of OVX+FGF21 LKO mice were injected via tail vein with recombinant mouse FGF21 (RD272108100, BioVendor, Prague, Czech Republic) at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight at 0800 AM, according to our previous descriptions [29].

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Recombinant, Expressing

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Hepatic-Specific FGF21 Knockout Abrogates Ovariectomy-Induced Obesity by Reversing Corticosterone Production.

doi: 10.3390/ijms241914922

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. FGF21 LKO reduced serum insulin levels in OVX mice. (A) Serum concentration of insulin; (B) Gene set enrichment analysis indicated FGF21 LKO reduced SREBF-mediated lipogenesis. (C) Gene set enrichment analysis indicated FGF21 LKO even reduced insulin signaling in OVX mice compared to the sham controls. *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Four weeks after surgery procedures (i.e., at 10 week of age), a subgroup of OVX+FGF21 LKO mice were injected via tail vein with recombinant mouse FGF21 (RD272108100, BioVendor, Prague, Czech Republic) at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight at 0800 AM, according to our previous descriptions [29].

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Hepatic-Specific FGF21 Knockout Abrogates Ovariectomy-Induced Obesity by Reversing Corticosterone Production.

doi: 10.3390/ijms241914922

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 7. The potential mechanism and key genes by which FGF21 LKO abrogated OVX-induced central obesity in mice. (A) The potential mechanism by which FGF21 LKO abrogated OVX-induced central obesity in mice. Liver-specific FGF21 knockout reduced both GC and insulin production, which in turn decreased adipogenesis and lipogenesis in visceral adipose tissues. (B) The potential key genes mediating FGF21 LKO on abrogating OVX-induced central obesity in mice.

Article Snippet: Four weeks after surgery procedures (i.e., at 10 week of age), a subgroup of OVX+FGF21 LKO mice were injected via tail vein with recombinant mouse FGF21 (RD272108100, BioVendor, Prague, Czech Republic) at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight at 0800 AM, according to our previous descriptions [29].

Techniques: Knock-Out

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology

Article Title: Molecular characterization of a precision-cut rat liver slice model for the evaluation of antifibrotic compounds

doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00281.2018

Figure Lengend Snippet: ELISA analysis of secreted biomarkers. SB525334, nintedanib, and sorafenib suppressed secretion of hyaluronic acid (HA), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), and WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) in the conditioned medium after 48 h of incubation. Data are means ± SE; n = 3 rats for both sham and bile duct ligation (BDL); n = 8–10 liver slices for each condition. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Secreted biomarkers including procollagen I, HA, IGFBP5, and WISP1 in the conditioned medium were measured using procollagen I ( {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"Ab210579","term_id":"70570352","term_text":"AB210579"}} Ab210579 ; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), hyaluronan quantikine (DHYAL0; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), IGFBP5 ( {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"Ab208345","term_id":"76667415","term_text":"AB208345"}} Ab208345 ; Abcam), and WISP1 quantikine (MWSP10; R&D Systems) ELISA kits following manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Binding Assay, Incubation, Ligation

Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology

Article Title: Molecular characterization of a precision-cut rat liver slice model for the evaluation of antifibrotic compounds

doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00281.2018

Figure Lengend Snippet: The small molecule αV integrins inhibitor CWHM12 attenuated fibrotic phenotype in fibrotic precision-cut liver tissue slices (PCLSs) after 48 h of incubation. A: CWHM12 suppressed expression of a panel of fibrotic genes. B: CWHM12 decreased secretion of procollagen I, hyaluronic acid (HA), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), and WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) in the conditioned medium. Data are means ± SE; n = 3 rats for both sham and bile duct ligation (BDL); n = 6–8 liver slices for each condition. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Secreted biomarkers including procollagen I, HA, IGFBP5, and WISP1 in the conditioned medium were measured using procollagen I ( {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"Ab210579","term_id":"70570352","term_text":"AB210579"}} Ab210579 ; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), hyaluronan quantikine (DHYAL0; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), IGFBP5 ( {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"Ab208345","term_id":"76667415","term_text":"AB208345"}} Ab208345 ; Abcam), and WISP1 quantikine (MWSP10; R&D Systems) ELISA kits following manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Incubation, Expressing, Binding Assay, Ligation